diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'prolog/problems')
-rw-r--r-- | prolog/problems/lists/conc_3/en.py | 2 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | prolog/problems/lists/memb_2/en.py | 68 |
2 files changed, 68 insertions, 2 deletions
diff --git a/prolog/problems/lists/conc_3/en.py b/prolog/problems/lists/conc_3/en.py index 2e74e5e..c384222 100644 --- a/prolog/problems/lists/conc_3/en.py +++ b/prolog/problems/lists/conc_3/en.py @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ hint = { 'eq_instead_of_equ': '''\ <p>The operator <code>==</code> is "stricter" than operator <code>=</code> in the sense that for the latter it is enough to be able to make the two operands equal (unification). Perhaps by using <code>=</code> -you can make the predicate <code>rev/2</code> more general (e.g. able to work with output arguments becoming inputs).</p> +you can make the predicate <code>conc/3</code> more general (e.g. able to work with output arguments becoming inputs).</p> <p>Of course, you can also solve the exercise without explicit use of either of these two operators, just remember that unification is implicitly performed with the predicate's arguments (head of clause).</p> ''', diff --git a/prolog/problems/lists/memb_2/en.py b/prolog/problems/lists/memb_2/en.py index ae62825..681c18a 100644 --- a/prolog/problems/lists/memb_2/en.py +++ b/prolog/problems/lists/memb_2/en.py @@ -12,4 +12,70 @@ description = '''\ X = 1. </pre>''' -hint = {} +plan = ['''\ +<p>Where can we find the searched for element <code>X</code>? Remember that the list has two parts: the head and +the tail. Therefore, there are two possibilies! ;)</p> +''', '''\ +<p><img src="[%@resource base_case.svg%]" /></p> +<p>In prolog we can understand a list like a queue of people waiting for a bus. The driver only sees +the first person in the queue, the others are hidden in the list's tail. So the element <code>X</code> +can either be at the start of the queue or...</p> +''', '''\ +<p>It's easy to look at ("search for") the head of the list. But how do we search the tail? Simply, +we remove the first element and repeat the search with the smaller list (tail). If <code>[H|T]</code> +is our whole list, then <code>T</code> is this same list without the first element. +Since the new list (tail) is smaller, we reduced the problem and thus facilitated the use of recursion.</p> +'''] + +hint = { + 'eq_instead_of_equ': '''\ +<p>The operator <code>==</code> is "stricter" than operator <code>=</code> in the sense that +for the latter it is enough to be able to make the two operands equal (unification). Perhaps by using <code>=</code> +you can make the predicate <code>memb/2</code> more general (e.g. able to work with output arguments becoming inputs).</p> +<p>Of course, you can also solve the exercise without explicit use of either of these two operators, just +remember that unification is implicitly performed with the predicate's arguments (head of clause).</p> +''', + + 'eq_instead_of_equ_markup': '''\ +<p>Perhaps the operator for unification (=) would be better?</p> +''', + + 'base_case': '''\ +<p><img src="[%@resource base_case.svg%]" /></p> +<p>Did you think of a base case? What is the simplest possible case if the element is present in the list? +Which element in the list is the easiest to access?</p> +''', + + 'recursive_case': '''\ +<p>The base case is ok. However, what about the general recursive case?</p> +''', + + 'predicate_always_false': '''\ +<p>It seems your predicate is <emph>always</emph> "false". Did you give it the correct name, +or is it perhaps misspelled?</p> +<p>If the name is correct, check whether something else is misspelled, perhaps there is a full stop instead of +a comma or vice versa, or maybe you typed a variable name in lowercase?</p> +<p>It is, of course, also possible that your conditions are too restrictive, or even impossible to satisfy +(as would be, for example, the condition that an empty list <code>[]</code> is equal to a list with +exactly three elements <code>[A,B,C]</code>, +or something similarly impossible).</p> +''', + + 'timeout': '''\ +<p>Is there an infinite recursion at work here? How will it ever stop?</p> +<p>Or perhaps is there a missing, faulty, or simply incompatible (with the general recursive case) base case?</p> +''', + + 'final_hint': '''\ +<p>Predicate <code>memb/2</code> is useful for much more than just checking whether a list contains +a given element or not. Actually, most of the time, it's used in "a different direction" as +"return some element <code>X</code> from list <code>L</code>". In fact you've just written yourself +a generator of elements from the list.</p> +<p>Try the following query:</p> +<p><code>?- memb(Coin, [1,2,5,10,20,50,100,200]).</code></p> +<p>or this one:</p> +<p><code>?- memb(Operator, [+, -, *, /]).</code></p> +<p>Can you form a query to ask prolog how do we get a sum of 30 cents with exactly three coins? +The operator <code>=:=</code> is used to check for arithmetic equality. How many solutions are there? ;)</p> +''', +} |