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+<html>
+ <head>
+ <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
+ <title>snmp_agent_uptime</title>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <h1>snmp_agent_uptime</h1>
+ <h2>Quick instructions</h2>
+ <p>
+ Set up three virtual computers, SimpleArbiter with the disk image
+ simpleArbiterDhcp, SNMPServer and SNMPClient. Write a program
+ called upminutes. This program should output the uptime of the
+ computer in minutes. Set it up on SNMPClient in the home directory
+ of the user test with the password test.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Make sure that the SNMP server reports it's uptime in seconds
+ over SNMP under NET-SNMP-EXTEND-MIB::nsExtendOutput2Table.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Write a script called beri.sh that reads the value from the
+ OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.1.3.2.4.1.2 on SNMPServer. Set it up on
+ SNMPClient in the home directory of the user test.
+ </p>
+ <h2>Instructions</h2>
+ <h3>Set up of VM VirtualBox</h3>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ Download the following virtual images (*.vid) from the directory
+ with images of virtual computers:
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ simpleArbiterDhcp.vdi
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ some-bash-console.vdi – twice, one for SNMPServer
+ and second for SNMPClient
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ VM VirtualBox WARNING! If you want to use one same virtual image
+ (some-bash-console.vdi) for two virtual computers
+ (SNMPServer and SNMPClient), you must <strong>change UUID</strong>
+ of one image.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ Use this command
+ <i>vboxmanage internalcommands sethduuid name-of-disk.vdi</i>
+ to change UUID (<a href="http://www.giannistsakiris.com/2009/05/06/virtualbox-how-to-change-the-uuid-of-virtual-disk-vdi/">hint</a>).
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Final view of sets VM VirtualBox machines.<br>
+ <img src="../images/01.png" alt="VM VirtualBox machines" width="800">
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+
+ <h3>Set up of SNMPServer machine</h3>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ setup network as “Bridged Adapter” -> Machine-> Settings ->Network
+
+ Install snmpd and snmp packages and tools for inspecting the
+ data available over SNMP.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>apt-get install snmpd snmp snmp-mibs-downloader</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <li>
+ RECOMMENDATION! Before doing any changes to your /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
+ file take a copy of original file.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>cp /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf.orig</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Set up the snmp server to allow all other computers to access it = edit
+ snmpd.conf file.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>nano /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf</i>
+ (you can use different editor)
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Check this 4 rows and make sure they look like this:<br>
+ <i># Listen for connections from the local system only<br>
+ # agentAddress udp:127.0.0.1:161<br>
+ # Listen for connections on all interfaces (both IPv4 *and* IPv6)<br>
+ agentAddress udp:161,udp6:[::1]:161</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Add a group (community) of computers we deem to be worthy of
+ accessing all data. This group will be called students = again edit
+ snmpd.conf file.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ rocommunity students 0.0.0.0/0
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ change 0.0.0.0./0 into correct address <i>ifconfig -a</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ OPTIONAL CONFIGURATION. Lower in the same file you can set the
+ location of the computer snmpd is running on and the name
+ of the administrator.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ find under # SYSTEM INFORMATION
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Make sure that the SNMP server reports it's uptime in seconds
+ over SNMP under NET-SNMP-EXTEND-MIB::nsExtendOutput2Table.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ create script upseconds containing this and save it where
+ you want:<br>
+ <i>#!/bin/bash<br>
+ uptime=$(&lt;/proc/uptime)<br>
+ seconds=${uptime%%.*}<br>
+ echo "Uptime in seconds:" $seconds<br>
+ exit 0</i>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ don't forget to make the script runnable:<br>
+ command <i>chmod +x /your_path_to_script/upseconds</i>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Then edit file <i>snmpd.conf</i> and under # EXTENDING THE AGENT
+ comment all three tests and add your line of your code
+ with upsecond script. It will look like this:<br>
+ <i># extend test1 /bin/echo Hello, world!<br>
+ # extend-sh test2 echo Hello, world! ; echo Hi there ; exit 35<br>
+ # extend-sh test3 /bin/sh /tmp/shtest<br>
+ extend-sh "your_name" "your_path_to_script_upseconds"
+ </i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ You need to restart the snmp services.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>/etc/init.d/snmpd restart</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ You can test your configuration through localhost.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>snmpwalk localhost -c public -v1</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Also test the correct return of server's uptime in seconds SNMP under
+ NET-SNMP-EXTEND-MIB::nsExtendOutput2Table.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>snmpwalk -c students -v1 IPaddressOfServer
+ 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.1.3.2.4.1.2</i>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ you should get string: "Uptime in seconds: xyz"
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+
+ <h3>Set up of SNMPClient machine</h3>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ Install snmpd and snmp packages.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>apt-get install snmpd snmp</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <li>
+ RECOMMENDATION! Before doing any changes to your /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
+ file take a copy of original file.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>cp /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf.orig</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Set up the snmp client to allow all other computers to access it = edit
+ snmpd.conf file.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>nano /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf</i>
+ (you can use different editor)
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ (un)comment these four lines as below:<br>
+ <i># Listen for connections from the local system only<br>
+ # agentAddress udp:127.0.0.1:161<br>
+ # Listen for connections on all interfaces (both IPv4 *and* IPv6)<br>
+ agentAddress udp:161,udp6:[::1]:161</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Add a group (community) of computers we deem to be worthy of
+ accessing all data. This group will be called students = again edit
+ snmpd.conf file.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ rocommunity students 0.0.0.0/0
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ write correct network address = command <i>ifconfig -a</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ OPTIONAL CONFIGURATION. Lower in the same file you can set the
+ location of the computer snmpd is running on and the name
+ of the administrator.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ find under # SYSTEM INFORMATION
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+
+ <li>
+ You need to restart the snmp services.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>/etc/init.d/snmpd restart</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ You can test your configuration through localhost.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>snmpwalk localhost -c public -v1</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>Create the user <i>test</i> with password <i>test</i>
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>adduser test</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li>Login as user <i>test</i> and create program <i>upminutes</i>
+ in the home directory. This program should output the uptime of the
+ computer in minutes.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>nano upminutes</i> (you can use different editor)
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ add the source code:<br>
+ <i>#!/bin/bash<br>
+ uptime=$(&lt;/proc/uptime)<br>
+ uptime=${uptime%%.*}<br>
+ minutes=$(( uptime / 60 ))<br>
+ echo $minutes<br>
+ exit 0</i>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ don't forget to make the program runnable:<br>
+ command <i>chmod +x /home/test/upminutes</i>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ test the program (it should output the uptime of the
+ computer in minutes)<br>
+ command <i>/home/test/upminutes</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ <li><strong> As user <i>test</i> and create next script called
+ <i>beri.sh</i> that reads the value from the OID
+ 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.1.3.2.4.1.2. on SNMPServer. Set it up on SNMPClient
+ in the home directory of the user test.
+ <ol type="disc">
+ <li>
+ command <i>nano beri.sh</i> (you can use different editor)
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ add the source code:<br>
+ <i>#!/bin/bash<br>
+ snmpwalk -c students -v1 IPServerAddress 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.1.3.2.4.1.2<br>
+ exit 0</i>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ don't forget to make the program runnable:<br>
+ command <i>chmod +x /home/test/upminutes</i>
+ you can test it with <i>./beri.sh</i>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+
+ <h3> Setting SimpleArbiter </h3>
+ User: tester
+ Password: test
+
+ apt-get install libsnmp-python
+ </body>
+</html>
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